What is Dental Bone Loss?
Among the conditions that can affect the jawbone, bone loss is not to be taken lightly. This deterioration in bone density is signaled by a deterioration of the periradicular bone (around the root of the tooth). Different diseases can be the cause, but also trauma or bad habits. In any case, it is imperative to quickly report this problem to your dental surgeon for effective management.
The different possible causes
Two main causes are to be put forward for bone loss: periodontal disease and aging. Indeed, bone loss is often due to periodontal disease that has not been treated or has not received the appropriate treatment. Both gingivitis and periodontitis can degrade bone mass, starting with the alveolar bone (the bone around the tooth root). This loses its density and can no longer hold the tooth in place. Such diseases can also cause sores and abscesses, which if left untreated can cause the breakdown of bone mass.
Natural causes are also to be feared for bone loss. Aging contributes to a decrease in bone density, a decrease in the firmness of the gums, a decrease in their attachment to the bone and the tooth and therefore to a reduced stability of the teeth. Fluoride and calcium intake is essential for gums and teeth to remain in excellent condition. If they deteriorate, the periradicular bone may be affected. Bone loss can also be due to an infection occurring within the jawbone, or a tooth infection. A dental fracture can still be the cause, as can poor oral hygiene.
Symptoms to watch out for
It is possible to spot cases of bone loss through increased tooth mobility. This condition is characterized by a loss of attachment of the teeth to the jaw, the alveolar bone no longer maintains the dental roots optimally. More mobile teeth will then move more easily, both by simple contact and when chewing.
If the bone loss is caused by a gum disease like gingivitis, the most obvious symptom this time will be gum swelling. This swelling can be accompanied in some cases by pain in the gums, significant sensitivity or bleeding. The formation of a periodontal pocket is also an element that indicates bone loss.
If you experience any of these symptoms, do not waste time: it is essential to contact your dental surgeon as soon as possible in order to be able to receive treatment adapted to your situation before the problem worsens.
Treatments that can be provided
Faced with bone loss, the treatment solutions are very limited. In the majority of cases, it will be necessary to resort to a bone graft. Beforehand, an examination must be carried out to precisely determine the situation of the bone and the intervention to be carried out. The graft has the advantage of making it possible to compensate for the lack of bone mass within the jaw. Transplantation is generally done from the maxillary bone, which has the effect of greatly reducing the risk of rejection. With the graft, the patient's bone capital can be fully reconstituted. This method helps to restore the periodontium supporting the tooth. One can also use xenografts such as demineralized bovine bone or allografts (bone of human origin).