What is Gum Disease?

If you have ever brushed your teeth and noticed that your toothbrush has a pink tinge on it, you may be suffering from gum disease. Gum disease occurs when the gums become inflamed, which in turns causes the bone and tissues that surround your teeth to begin to deteriorate.

According to recent studies, gum disease has become increasingly common, with 51% of American over the age of 30 suffering from periodontitis, and over 70% of adults over the age 65 suffering from advanced gum disease.

Gum disease generally manifests itself as inflammation of the gums, which is caused by infection, which can lead to the deterioration of the jawbone. Advanced gum disease is the most common reason for tooth or teeth loss in adults. In addition to the loss of teeth, research suggests there are several other significant health issues associated with gum disease, including diabetes, strokes, and heart disease.

Although these are serious issues to be aware of, the good news is that the majority of gum disease is preventable and treatable, provided the issue is caught early enough and proper oral health care is followed after treatment.

What is the Difference Between Gingivitis and Periodontitis?

Gingivitis is the term used for the earliest stage of gum disease. This is the most common condition to affect your oral cavity and often presents itself through irritated or red gums that easily become swollen or bleed. Fortunately, gingivitis is a reversible disease, which is why it is important to schedule regular visits with your dentist, who will be able to catch the gum disease early.

Periodontitis is the more advanced version of gum disease, and develops when plaque remains on the teeth for so long that it mineralizes and turns into tartar or calculus. The longer tartar is left on the teeth, the more damage it causes. When this point is reached, the tissue, gums, and bone surrounding the teeth begin to be destroyed. If this is left untreated, the teeth will eventually become loose and fall out, or have to be extracted.

What are Early Warning Signs That I May Have Gum Disease?

Because the development of gum disease is usually painless, it is not uncommon for people to develop it without realizing. Be mindful of these common early warning signs to prevent gum disease from developing.

• Red, tender, or swollen gums
• Gums that easily bleed
• Chronic halitosis or bad taste in mouth
• Receding gums
• Change in fit of bite
• Loose or loosening teeth
• Change in fit of dentures

What are the Risk Factors Associated with Gum Disease?

The biggest risk factor that increases your chances of developing gum disease is not taking proper oral care and neglecting to schedule regular visits to your dentist. That said, there are several other factors that can play a significant role in the likelihood of you developing gum disease, including the following:

• Diabetes
• Genetic predisposition
• Tobacco use
• Malocclusion
• Certain medications, including cancer therapy drugs, oral contraceptives, steroids, et. al
• Pregnancy